Golgi Body
Table of Contents
Golgi body –
It is also called Golgi apparatus.
Plant cells are called dictyosomes.
It is found in all eukaryotic cells But RBC.
Is not found in.
Golgi body structure –
Three types of smooth membrane structures are found in it.
(1) Cisternae –
has a structure similar to parallel flat sacs.
(2) Vesicles –
are small round structures.
(3) Vacuoles –
These are large round structures.
Function –
(1) It is the main secretory organ of the cell.
(2) Works to transport substances in and out of the cell.
3) Synthesizes lysosomes and peroxisomes.
(4) Forms complex sugars from simple sugars.
Mitochondria –
It is a two-layered organelle found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
R.B.C. of mammals Mitochondria are not found in.
Generally it is called the power house of the cell because by completely oxidizing the food,
A.T.P. Releases energy in the form of.
ATP in the body Energy is stored in the form of energy,
hence it is called energy currency.
Mitochondria structure –
Mitochondria are structures surrounded by a double membrane.
The cavity of mitochondria surrounded by outer and inner membrane is filled with matrix.
Many processes emerge from the inner membrane and hang in the matrix, which are called cristae.
DNA, ribosomes and enzymes are found in the matrix.
Function-
(1) It is the site of cellular respiration. ATP energy is produced.
(2) Acts as a mediator in the synthesis of amino acids and steroids.
Golgi Body
It is also called Golgi apparatus.
Plant cells are called dictyosomes.
It is found in all eukaryotic cells But RBC.
Is not found in.
Golgi body structure –
Three types of smooth membrane structures are found in it.
(1) Cisternae –
has a structure similar to parallel flat sacs.
(2) Vesicles –
are small round structures.
(3) Vacuoles –
These are large round structures.
Function –
(1) It is the main secretory organ of the cell.
(2) Works to transport substances in and out of the cell.
3) Synthesizes lysosomes and peroxisomes.
(4) Forms complex sugars from simple sugars.
Lysosome
These were discovered by a scientist named de Duve in 1964.
These are microscopic, round, sac-like structures surrounded by a single membrane.
Enzymes are found inside them.
There are special catalysts found in living organisms which increase the speed of biological processes.
The enzymes found in lysosomes are decomposers and digest various substances.
Some bacteria even digest the organelles of their own cell,
due to which the cell itself gets destroyed.
The useless cells of the body are destroyed in this way.
For this reason lysosome is also called “suicide bag”.
Functions –
(1) They consume foreign substances that enter the cell.
(2) They clean the cells by eating dead and old cells.
Centrosome
Centrosome
This is the organelle located in the cytoplasm near the nucleus
which is made up of two parts –
(1) centroid pericentre and
(2) centroid nucleus.
The perihelion of the star is a colourless, clean circle inside which two microscopic particles called centra are found.
Stellate body is often found in animal cells.
But some of it is also found in plant cells, in fungi and algae.
During cell division the centrosome also gets divided into two parts.
Functions –
(1) To help in cell division (regulation of division).
(2) It helps in the formation of spindle during division of animal cells.
Nucleus
Large, round structures are found in the cytoplasm.
Which is called nucleus.
four of the nucleus
There are parts.
(1) Nuclear membrane –
A two-layered membrane is found around the nucleus.
Which is made of lipo-protein.
(2) Nucleoplasm-
This is a liquid containing chromosome and nucleus.
(3) Nucleolus-
There is a small round structure inside the nucleus which is called nucleolus.
There is no membrane in the nucleus.
(4) Chromatin network –
Forms a thin thread like structure in the nuclear substance which is called nuclear network.
On the occasion of cell division,
these threads separate from each other and shrink and become thick and small,
these are called chromosomes.
Function of Nucleus –
(1) Controls the metabolic activities of the cell.
(2) Controls the cell cycle.
(3) Transmits genetic traits from parents to offspring.
(4) The nucleus synthesizes RNA.
activities
(1) Take a piece of onion, remove its layer, place it on a slide and apply a cover slip.
We observe them with the help of a microscope.
(2) In the laboratory, blood corpuscles are studied under a microscope with the help of a permanent slide of human blood.
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