Heterotrophic nutrition
Heterotrophic nutrition
Every organism is adapted to its environment.
Depending on the form and availability of food, the method of nutrition can be of different types, apart from this it also depends on the way the organism consumes food.
For example, if the food source is immobile (such as grass) or mobile such as deer, the two types differ in how they access food and which feeding tools the cow and lion use.
There are many ways for organisms to consume and utilize food.
Some organisms decompose food items outside the body and then absorb it.
Fungi like mould, yeast and mushroom etc. are examples of this.
Other organisms ingest the entire food substance and their digestion takes place inside the body.
Which food should be ingested by the organism and the method of its digestion depends on the design and functioning of its body.
What do you think about the difference between animals eating grass, fruit, coat, fish or a dead rabbit? Some other organisms obtain nutrition from plants and animals without killing them.
This nutritional device is used by many organisms like mistletoe, lice, lice, leeches and tapeworms.
Because food and its method of ingestion are different, the digestive system is also different in different organisms.
In unicellular organisms, food can be taken from the entire surface.
But as the complexity of the organism increases, the organs performing different functions become specialized.
For example, amoeba captures food with the help of finger-like temporary processes from the cellular surface.
These processes surround the food particles and fuse to form a food vacuole.
Inside the food vacuole, complex substances are broken down into simpler substances and they diffuse into the cytoplasm.
The remaining undigested material moves towards the surface of the cell and is expelled out of the body.
Paramecium is also a unicellular organism, its cell has a fixed size and food is consumed from a specific place only.
Food reaches this place by the movement of cilia which cover the entire surface of the cell.
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