Led Hindi meaning
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Led Hindi meaning
प्रकाश-उत्सर्जक डायोड (LED)—
यह विशेष रूप से बनाया गया P-N संधि डायोड होता है जो अग्र अभिनति में संधि स्थल से प्रकाश का उत्सर्जन करता है।
सिद्धांत-
हम जानते हैं कि N क्षेत्र के इलेक्ट्रॉनों (चालन बैण्ड) की ऊर्जा P क्षेत्र के होलों (संयोजकता बैण्ड) की ऊर्जा से अधिक होती है।
जब अग्र अभिनति में वे संयोग करते हैं तो इन ऊर्जाओं के अंतर के संगठ ऊर्जा ऊष्मा तथा प्रकाश के रूप में उत्सर्जित होती है।
सिलिकॉन तथा जर्मेनियम सन्धियों में इस ऊर्जा का अधिकांश भाग ऊष्मा का अधिकांश भाग ऊष्मा के रूप में होता है तथा प्रकाश के रूप में ऊर्जा नगण्य होती है।
लेकिन अर्द्धचालक पदार्थों (जैसे गैलियम आर्सेनाइड GaAs, गैलियम फॉस्फाइड GaP तथा गैलियम आर्सेनाइड फॉस्फाइड GaAsP) में संयोग के दौरान उत्सर्जित ऊर्जा का अधिकांश भाग प्रकाश के रूप में होता है।
चूंकि ये अर्द्धचालक पदार्थ अल्प पारदर्शी होते हैं।
अतः इनसे प्रकाश बाहर निकलता है तथा संधि एक प्रकाश स्रोत को भाँति व्यवहार करती है।
इसलिये इस प्रकार के डायोड को प्रकाश उत्सर्जक डायोड [Light emitting diode (LED)] कहते हैं।
उत्सर्जक प्रकाश का रंग प्रयुक्त पदार्थ की प्रकृति पर निर्भर करता है।
उदाहरण के लिये GaAs, से अवरक्त विकिरण (अदृश्य), GaP से लाल अथवा हरा प्रकाश तथा GaAsP से लाल अथवा पीला प्रकाश उत्सर्जक नहीं करते हैं (वास्तव में पश्च अभिनत दशा में ये शीघ्र ही बेकार हो जाते हैं)
चित्र में प्रकाश उत्सर्जक डायोड (LED) की संरचना तथा प्रतीक चिन्ह प्रदर्शित किये गये हैं।
प्रकाश उत्सर्जक सेल सामान्यतः 1-5 से 3.3 वोल्ट पर कार्य करते हैं।
उपयोग –
(i) चोर (सूचक घंटी के विद्युत् परिपथ में,
(ii) प्रकाशीय संचार में प्रकाश स्रोत के रूप में,
(iii) प्रतिबिम्ब संसूचक परिपथों में,
(iv) उपकरणों में डिस्पले हेतु।
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