क्लोरीन के उपयोग ( Uses of Chlorine)
Table of Contents
क्लोरीन के उपयोग –
1. कागज की लुग्दी , सूती कपड़े जैसे – पदार्थ के विरंजन में।
2. प्रबल रोगाणुनाशी के रूप में , पीने के जल के जीवाणुनाशक में।
3. विषैली गैसें जैसे – फॉस्जीन (COCl₂) , मस्टर्ड गैस (C₂H₄Cl)₂ S और क्लोरोपिकरिन के बनाने में।
4. सोने के निष्कर्षण में।
5. रंग , विस्फोटक तथा अनेक कार्बनिक पदार्थों के बनाने में।
6. ऑक्सीकारक के रूप में।
7. क्लोरीन जल के रूप में प्रयोगशाला में गुणात्मक विशलेषण में।
8. ब्रोमीन , हाइड्रोक्लोरिक अम्ल , अरंजक चूर्ण आदि के बनाने में।
9. ऐण्टी मलेरियल के बनाने में।
10. B.H.C. , D.D.T और क्लोरामीन T के बनाने में।
याद रखिये –
समुद्री शैवाल , जैसे – लैमिनेरिया डिजीटाटा आदि में आयोडीन , NaI और Kl रूप में उपस्थित होती है।
विरंजन चूर्ण (Bleaching powder) में लगभग 35% प्राप्य क्लोरीन होती है।
फ्लुओरीन के उपयोग –
यह स्वयं तो उपयोगी नहीं है , परन्तु इसके यौगिक बहुत उपयोगी हैं। जैसे –
1. HF का उपयोग काँच के निक्षारण में होता है तथा अनेक उपयोगी के बनाने में होता है।
2. DDFT कीटनाशक के बनाने में।
3. डाइक्लोरो डाइफ्लुओरो मेथेन के बनाने में , जिसको शीतक संयंत्रों में प्रयोग में लाते हैं।
4. SF₆ बनाने में , जिसका उपयोग उच्च वोल्टेज विद्युत् रोधी की भाँति होता है।
5. टेफ्लॉन बनाने में।
6. अज्वलनशील और अक्रिय फ्लुओरो कार्बन बनाने में।
याद रखिये –
फ्लुओरीन को रासायनिक ऑक्सीकरण द्वारा नहीं बनाया जा सकता है , क्योंकि फ्लुओरीन का मानक अपचयन विभव अन्य प्रबल ऑक्सीकारकों से अधिक धनात्मक है।
ब्रूस्टर का नियम (Brewester’s law )
अनुदैर्ध्य तरंग में ध्रुवण क्यों नहीं होता ?
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